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The Official Journal of the European Union (OJ) released the RoHS2.0 Amendment Directive (EU) 2015/863, and the EU RoHS2.0 update has finally settled, from the original six controlled substances: lead (Pb), mercury (Hg), cadmium (Cd) , Hexavalent chromium (Cr VI), polybrominated biphenyls (PBB), and polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDE) have become ten controlled substances, and new bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), adjacent Tolyl butyl phthalate (BBP), dibutyl phthalate (DBP), diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) (referred to as phthalate 4P), which were previously given priority in ROHS2.0 Hexabromocyclododecane (HBCCD), which is listed as an assessed substance, is not officially included in the list of restricted substances. The limits for the ten controlled substances are both 0.1% and 0.01%.
After the publication of this revised directive, EU member states need to convert this directive into national regulations and implement it before December 31, 2016. And from July 22, 2019, all electrical and electronic products exported to Europe (except medical and monitoring equipment) must meet the restriction requirements; from July 22, 2021, medical equipment (including in vitro medical equipment) and monitoring equipment (including Industrial monitoring equipment) will also be included in the scope of this control. In addition, toy products that are already controlled by REACH Annex XVII Article 51 phthalates will not be controlled by DEHP, BBP and DBP in this directive.
ROHS2.0, 10 items are fully implemented, including production, sales, and testing reports. The technical indicators of the regulations are as follows:
Lead (0.1%); Mercury (0.1%); Cadmium (0.01%); Hexavalent chromium (0.1%); Polybrominated biphenyls (PBB) (0.1%); Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDE) (0.1 %) Diethyl phthalate (DEHP) (0,1 %) Phenylbutyl phthalate (BBP) (0,1 %) Dibutyl phthalate (DBP) (0,1 %) Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) (0,1 %)
EU RoHS Directive (Restriction of Hazardous Substances) "Directive on Restriction of the Use of Certain Hazardous Substances in Electrical and Electronic Equipment", the products under control are: including electrical and electronic products with a direct current of less than 1500 V and an alternating current of less than 1000 V (except for exemptions) . The RoHS Directive covers a wide range of products, covering almost all electronic, electrical, medical, communications, toys, security information and other products. It includes not only products, but also components, raw materials and packaging used in the production of products. to the entire production chain.
In summary, the main products are as follows:
1. Large household appliances, such as refrigerators 2. Small household appliances, such as vacuum cleaners 3. Consulting and telecommunications equipment, such as computers 4. Consumer devices such as TVs 5. Lighting equipment, such as fluorescent lamps 6. Power tools, such as lawn mowers 7. Toys, recreational sports equipment, such as video game consoles 8. Medical equipment (regulated by RoHS 2.0) such as electrocardiograph 9. Monitoring and control equipment (from RoHS 2.0), such as thermostats 10. Vending machines, such as beverage machines
Exempted products: equipment, weapons, munitions, tungsten light bulbs, large stationary industrial appliances required for the national security and interests of EU member states. The Council of the European Union passed the RoHS Directive (2002/95/EC) on January 27, 2003, that is, the Directive on the Restriction of the Use of Certain Hazardous Substances in Electrical and Electronic Equipment. ), lead (Pb), mercury (Hg), hexavalent chromium (Cr6+), polybrominated biphenyls (PBBs) and polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) 6 hazardous substances have been restricted; The main contents of the revision of the RoHS Directive are:
1. Changed the legal wording and clarified the scope and definition of the directive; 2. Introduce the CE mark of the product and the EC declaration of conformity; 3. Staged inclusion of medical devices, control and monitoring instruments into the scope of the RoHS Directive; no changes to the six hazardous substances restricted, but four substances - diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP), phthalic acid (2-ethylhexyl ester) (DEHP), butyl benzyl phthalate (BBP) and dibutyl phthalate (DBP) - Priority assessment required for future inclusion in RoHS Scope: Only for new products placed on the market from 1 July 2006. Including household incandescent lamps and light sources. Special directives or regulations concerning safety and health requirements shall not be violated - Vehicle ELV, Motor Vehicle Directive; Battery Directive, 91/157/EEC, 93/86/EEC & 98/101/EC Excludes: Medical equipment or monitoring equipment ( WEEE Directive No. 8, 9); maintenance spare parts placed on the market before July 1, 2006; reused products originally placed on the market before July 1, 2006.
Restricted Toxic Substances: Heavy Metals: New European RoHS Certificate (RoHS2.0) – Lead; – Mercury; – Cadmium; – Chromium (VI) Hexavalent Chromium. Certain brominated flame retardants: Polybrominated biphenyls – Polybrominated biphenyls ( PBB's); Polybrominated diphenyl ethers-Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDE's). Limit indicators are: cadmium: 0.01% (100ppm); lead, mercury, hexavalent chromium, polybrominated biphenyls, polybrominated diphenyl ethers: 0.1% (1000ppm).
Six types of hazardous substances
RoHS targets all electrical and electronic products that may contain the above six hazardous substances in the production process and raw materials, mainly including: white goods, such as refrigerators, washing machines, microwave ovens, air conditioners, vacuum cleaners, water heaters, etc. black household appliances, such as audio and video products , DVD, CD, TV receivers, IT products, digital products, communication products, etc.; electric tools, electric electronic toys, medical electrical equipment.
1. Lead (Pb) Examples of using this substance: solder, glass, PVC stabilizer 2. Mercury (Hg) (mercury) Examples of uses of this substance: thermostats, sensors, switches and relays, light bulbs 3. Cadmium (Cd) Examples of the use of this substance: switches, springs, connectors, housings and PCBs, contacts, batteries 4. Hexavalent chromium (Cr 6+ ) Examples of the use of this substance: metal anti-corrosion coatings 5. Polybrominated biphenyls (PBBS) Examples of the use of this substance: flame retardants, PCBs, connectors, plastic housings 6. Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDE) Examples of the use of this substance: flame retardants, PCBs, connectors, plastic housings
According to the requirements of the EU WEEE & RoHS Directive, domestic qualified third-party testing agencies divide products according to materials, and use different materials to detect harmful substances. Generally speaking: metal materials need to be tested for four harmful metal elements such as (Cd cadmium/Pb lead/Hg mercury/Cr6+hexavalent chromium), and plastic materials need to be tested for brominated flame retardants in addition to these four harmful heavy metal elements ( Polybrominated biphenyls PBB/polybrominated diphenyl ethers PBDE), and packaging materials of different materials also need to be tested for heavy metals in packaging materials (94/62/EEC).
The following are the upper limit concentrations specified in RoHS for six hazardous substances: cadmium: less than 100ppm; lead: less than 1000ppm; less than 3500ppm in steel alloys; less than 4000ppm in aluminum alloys; less than 40000ppm in copper alloys; mercury: less than 1000ppm; hexavalent chromium : Less than 1000ppm.
Electrical and electronic equipment contains heavy metals that are harmful to human health. In 2000, cadmium was found in the cables of a batch of game consoles sold in the Netherlands. In fact, the solder used in the production of electrical and electronic products and the ink printed on the packaging box contain harmful heavy metals such as lead.
A. First use XRF for non-destructive screening, which is fast and efficient, non-destructive and low-cost. But there are many interference factors, and the error is large. B. After microwave digestion and acid digestion, use AAS or ICP-AES to determine the concentration of Pb, Cd and Hg. C. After Soxhlet extraction, use GC-MS to determine the concentration of polybrominated biphenyls, polybrominated diphenyl ethers, etc. D. Use the spot test method or the boiling water extraction method to determine the concentration of Cr6+ in the colorless surface layer, or use the UV-Vis spectrophotometer to test according to EPA3060A.
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